1973: Ph.D., University of Chicago

1965: A.B., University of Chicago.

Confronting Aristotle’s Ethics: Ancient and Modern Morality, University of Chicago Press, 2006. http://www.press.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/hfs.cgi/00/191181.ctl

Aristotle’s Rhetoric and Poetics, (ed.), Barnes and Noble, 2005.

For the Sake of Argument: Practical Reasoning, Character and the Ethics of Belief, University of Chicago Press, 2004.http://www.press.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/hfs.cgi/00/12704.ctl

Aristotle’s Rhetoric: An Art of Character, University of Chicago Press, 1994.

Machiavelli and the History of Prudence, University of Wisconsin Press, 1987.

Pluralism in Theory and Practice: Richard McKeon and American Philosophy, (ed., with Richard Buchanan) Vanderbilt University Press, 2000.

Reasoning: Perspectives from the New Philosophy and History of Science, (ed.), special issue of Argumentation, 15 (2001).

"Artificial Reason, Natural Reason, and Legal Reasoning," Pennsylvania State University Law Review, forthcoming.

"Spinoza and the Discovery of Morality," History of Philosophy Quarterly, 23 (2006): 357-374. file:///m:/spinoza/spinoza and the discovery of morality.pdf

"At The Intersection of Politics and Religion: Posting the Ten Commandments," Law, Culture, Humanities, forthcoming.

"Machiavelli: Rhetoric, Prudence and Self-Consciousness," Maria Vilches, ed,. A Companion to Machiavelli, Brill, forthcoming.

"Aristotle and the Will to Power: Character and Reason in Slavery and Freedom," Philosophy and the Contemporary World 13 (2006): 74-83.

"The Revolt of the Just," Aristotle’s Politics and Contemporary Politics, Lenn Goodman and Robert Tallesio, edd., SUNY Press, forthcoming.

"The Circumstances of Friendship: A Reply to My Critics," Pennsylvania State University Law Review 110 (2006): 955-975.

"How Can a Liberal Listen to a Religious Argument?" James Boyd White, ed., How Should We Talk About Religion? Perspectives, Contexts, Particularities (Note Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2006), pp. 164-193.

"The Rhetoric of Friendship in Plato’s Lysis," Rhetorica, 24 (2006): 117-136.

"Factions and the Paradox of Aristotelian Practical Science," Polity, 22 (2005): 181-205.file:///m:/3/polis.pdf

"Pigman Triathlon," St Cloud River Runners Newsletter, 2005.

"The Uses and Abuses of Philosophy: Politics V as an Example," History of Political Thought, 26 (2005): 189-208.file:///m:/3/usesandabusesofphilosophy.pdf

"Can Virtue be Bought?" Philosophy and Rhetoric, 37 (2004): 353-382.

"Reason, Theoretical and Practical," Dictionary of the History of Ideas, Scribner, 2004.

"Immortality and Ethical Argument in Plato’s Phaedo," Walter Jost and Wendy Olmsted, eds., A Companion to Rhetoric and Rhetorical Criticism, Blackwell, 2004, pp. 206-220.

"Truth in Politics: Ethical Argument, Ethical Knowledge, and Ethical Truth," Quest. An African Journal of Philosophy- Une Revue Africaine de Philosophie, XVI-2, 2004: 220-237.file:///m:/2/truthinpolitics.pdf

"Philosophy, Rhetoric, and Civic Education in Aristotle and Isocrates," David Depew and Takis Poulakis, eds., Isocrates and Civic Education, University of Texas Press, 2004, 157-185.

"Rhetorical Argument and Scientific Argument: Do My Children Have to Listen to More Arguments Against Evolution?" John A. Campbell and Stephen C. Meyer, eds., Darwinism, Design, and Public Education, Michigan State University Press, 2003. pp. 487-498.

"Why Should Anybody Listen? The Rhetoric of Religious Argument in Democracy," Wake Forest Law Review 36 (2001): 353-400.

"Pragmatism," and "Philosophy," Encyclopedia of the United States in the Nineteenth Century, Paul Finkleman, ed., Simon and Schuster, 2001.

"Êthos and Argument: The Êthos of the Speaker and the Êthos of the Audience," Lucia Calboli Montefusco, ed., Papers on Rhetoric III, Bologna: Cooperative Libraria Universitaria Editrice Bologna, 2000, pp. 113-126.

"La découverte de l’éthos chez Aristote," Richard Lockwood and François Cornillac, eds., Ethos et Pathos: le statut du sujet dans la rhétorique, Paris: Champion, 2000, pp. 15-36.

"Pluralism and the Virtues of Philosophy" in Eugene Garver with Richard Buchanan, eds., Pluralism in Theory and Practice: Richard McKeon and American Philosophy, Vanderbilt University Press, 2000, pp. 110-135.

"Rhetoric, Dialectic, and Democracy," Argumentation, 14 (2000): 307-314.

"The Contemporary Irrelevance of Aristotle’s Rhetoric," Alan Gross and Arthur Walzer, eds., Reconsidering Aristotle’s Rhetoric, Southern Illinois University Press, 2000, pp. 57-73.

"Rhetorical Theory and Practice: The Modesty of Aristotle’s Rhetoric," Inventing a Discipline: Rhetoric and Composition in Action, Maureen Daly Goggin, ed., NCTE, 2000, pp. 132-145.

"Choosing the Good in Aristotle’s Topics," From Puzzles to Principles: Aristotle on Dialectic, May Sim, ed., Rowan and Littlefield, 1999, pp. 107-124.

"Narrative, Rhetorical Argument, and Ethical Authority," Law and Critique, 10 (1999): 117-146.

"Plato," "Aristotle," "Hellenistic Philosophy," "Rousseau," and "Philosophy" all for the Encyclopedia of Slavery, Paul Finkleman, ed., MacMillan, 1998.

"Politics III and the Incompleteness of the Normative," Ancient Philosophy, 18 (1998): 381-416.file:///M:/3/RTGD698.pdf

"Rhetoric," The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, E. J. Craig (ed.), Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1998, 8: 305-310.

"The Ethical Criticism of Arguments," Philosophy and Rhetoric, 31 (1998): 107-130.

"No Saints. No Devils. Just Rhetoric," Rhetoric Society Quarterly, 27 (1997): 73-75.

"Rhetoric, Hermeneutics, and Prudence in the Interpretation of the Constitution," Rhetoric and Hermeneutics in Our Time, Walter Jost and Michael Hyde, eds., Yale University Press, 1996, pp. 171-195.

"The Political Irrelevance of Aristotle’s Rhetoric," Philosophy and Rhetoric, 29 (1996): 179-199.

"After Virtù: Rhetoric, Prudence, and Moral Pluralism in Machiavelli’s Discourses on Livy," History of Political Thought, 17 (1996): 1-29. A different version appears in Robert Hariman, ed., Prudence: Classical Virtue, Postmodern Practice, University Park PA, Pennsylvania State University Press, 2003, pp. 67-98.

"Pleasures and Ends in the Poetics," Hypotheses 17 (1996): 7-9.

"Aristotle’s Natural Slaves: Incomplete Praxeis and Incomplete Human Beings," Journal of the History of Philosophy, 32 (1994): 1-22.file:///m:/3/aristotle's natural slaves.pdf

"Growing Older and Wiser With Aristotle: Rhetoric II.12-14," John Cleary and William Wians (eds.), Proceedings of the Boston Area Colloquium in Ancient Philosophy 10 (1994): 171-200.

"Deception in Aristotle’s Rhetoric: How to Tell the Rhetorician From the Sophist, and Whom To Bet On," Rhetoric Society Quarterly, 24 (1994): 75-94.

"Saying What Goes Without Saying: Bacon’s Essays on Speech, Intelligence and Morality," in Fred Antczak (ed.), Essays in Honor of Wayne Booth, Ohio State University Press, 1994.

"Point of View, Bias, and Insight," Metaphilosophy 24 (1993): 47-60; an earlier version appears in the Journal of Thought, 23 (1988): 139-155.

"He Does the Police in Different Voices: J. B. White on the Criminal Law," Rhetoric Society Quarterly, 21 (1991): 1-11.

"Why Pluralism Now?" Monist 73 (1990): 388-410.

"Essentially Contested Concepts: The Ethics and Tactics of Argument," Philosophy and Rhetoric, 23 (1990): 251-270.

"Arguing Over Incommensurable Values: The Case of Machiavelli," in Herbert Simons (ed.), The Rhetorical Turn, University of Chicago Press, 1990, pp. 187-207.

"Making Discourse Ethical: The Lessons of Aristotle’s Rhetoric," in John Cleary (ed.), Proceedings of the Boston Area Colloquium in Ancient Philosophy, 5 (1990), pp. 73-96.

"The Moral Virtues and the Two Sides of Energeia," Ancient Philosophy, 9 (1989): 293-312.

"The Human Function and Aristotle’s Art of Rhetoric," History of Philosophy Quarterly, 6 (1989): 133-146.

"Aristotle’s Rhetoric on Unintentionally Hitting the Principles of the Sciences," Rhetorica, 6 (1989): 381-393.

"Aristotle’s Metaphysics of Morals," Journal of the History of Philosophy, 27 (1989): 7-28.file:///m:/amm.pdf

"Arguing Over Incommensurable Values," in Frans H. Eemeren, Rob Grottendorst, J. Anthony Blair and Charles Willard, eds., Argumentation: Analysis and Practices, Dordrecht, Foris, 1987, pp. 163-169.

"Prolegomenon to the History of Prudence," Social Epistemology, 1 (1987): 61-92.

"Paradigms and Princes," Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 14 (1987): 21-47.

The Originality of Machiavelli Reconsidered, Saint John’s University, 1986.

"Critical Thinking as a Discipline," Informal Logic, 7 (1986): 166-168.

"Critical Thinking, Them, and Us," Liberal Education, 72 (1986): 245-250.

"Machiavelli and the Politics of Rhetorical Invention," Clio, 14 (1986): 157-178.

"Aristotle’s Rhetoric As a Work of Philosophy," Philosophy and Rhetoric, 19 (1986): 1-22.

"Teaching Writing and Teaching Virtue," Journal of the American Business Communication Association, 22 (1985); 51-75; reprinted in Community College Humanities Review, 6 (1984/5): 18-39.

"Aristotle’s Genealogy of Morals," Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 44 (1984): 471-492.

"Richard McKeon’s Chapter in the History of Rhetoric; Or, Why Does McKeon Write So Funny?" Rhetoric Society Quarterly 14 (1984): 3-14.

"Theory and Practice: Variations on a Theme by Prometheus," Curriculum Inquiry, 13 (1984): 165-182.

"Philosophy and Rhetoric, 1981," Rhetoric Society Quarterly, 11 (1983): 141-148..

"How to Develop Ideas: The Contribution Philosophy Can Make to Improving Literacy," Teaching Philosophy, 6 (1983): 97-102.

"The Meaning of Thrasos in Aristotle’s Ethics," Classical Philology, 77 (1983): 228-232..

"Machiavelli’s The Prince: A Neglected Rhetorical Classic," Philosophy and Rhetoric, 13 (1980): 99-120.

"Aristotle on Virtue and Pleasure," The Greeks and the Good Life, in David Depew (ed.), Hackett, 1980, pp. 157-176.

"Demystifying Classical Rhetoric," Rhetoric Society Quarterly, 10 (1980): 75-82; reprinted in ABCA: The Bulletin of the American Business Communication Association 47 (1984).

"Ancient Rhetoric and Modern Problems," Rhetoric ‘78: Proceedings of Theory of Rhetoric: An Interdisciplinary Conference, ed. Robert L. Brown, Jr. and Martin Steinman, Center for Advanced Studies in Language, Style, and Literary Theory (University of Minnesota), 1979, pp. 77-89; reprinted with minor variations in Humanities Perspectives on Technology, no. 11 (1979).

"Rhetoric and Essentially Contested Arguments," Philosophy and Rhetoric, 11 (1978): 156-172.

"Aristotle on the kinds of argumentation," CRNF Conference on the types of argumentation, Paris, 2006.

"Back to Basics: the Argument of Politics VII," Minnesota Ancient Philosophy Conference, 2006.

"Philosophy as a Human Life: Ethics X," Minnesota Ancient Philosophy Conference, 2006.

"Can a Majority Have Group Rights?," Law, Culture Humanities Conference, Syracuse University Law School, 2006.

"Spinoza’s Democratic Imagination," Figures of Democracy Conference, Concordia University, Montréal, 2005.

"Interpreting the Constitution and Interpreting the Bible: Spinoza on the American Supreme Court," Law, Culture, Humanities Conference at the University of Texas Law School, 2005.

"Looking for Love in All the Wrong Places: Plato’s Lysis," African Rhetoric and Speech Communication Association, Cape Town, 2004, Minnesota Ancient Philosophy Conference, 2005.

"The Revolt of the Just," Minnesota Ancient Philosophy Conference, 2004.

"A Reply to My Critics: For the Sake of Argument: Practical Reasoning, Character and the Ethics of Belief," Law, Culture, Humanities Conference at the University of Connecticut Law School, 2004.

"The Uses and Abuses of Philosophy: Politics V as an Example," Society for Ancient Greece Philosophy, New York, 2003.

"Philosophical Êthos," Carnegie-Mellon University, 2003.

"Can Virtue Be Bought? Deliberative Democracy in Plato’s Protagoras," Law, Culture, Humanities Conference at Cardozo Law School, 2003.

"Posting the Ten Commandments," Law, Culture, Humanities Conference at University of Pennsylvania Law School, 2002.

"How to Derive Is From Ought: the Case of the Phaedo," Minnesota Ancient Philosophy Conference, 2002.

"Confronter le sophist," Collège internationale de philosophie, Paris, 2001.

"Rhetoric, Religious Argument and Democratic Deliberation: Why Should Anyone Listen," University of Minnesota Law School, 1999, University of Haifa, 1999, Tantur Ecumenical Center, Jerusalem, 1999, University of Notre Dame, 1999, Wake Forest University Law School, 2000.

"Brown v. Board of Education as a Paradigm of Practical Reason," Law, Culture and Humanities Conference, Wake Forest University, 2000.

"Rhetoric and an Intellectual Life," University of Illinois, 1999.

"Aristotle’s Rhetoric and Democratic Deliberation," University of Cape Town, 1999.

"Êthos and Êthê in Aristotle’s Rhetoric," International Society for the History of Rhetoric, Amsterdam, 1999.

"The Varieties of Moral Failure," Minnesota Ancient Philosophy Conference, 1999.

"Aristotle’s Rhetoric, Civic Education and Civil Society," University of Iowa, 1998.

"Race, Equality and Courts: An American Example," USIA, Accra, Ghana, 1998.

"Narrative, Rhetorical Argument, and Ethical Authority," University of Iowa, 1998, Law, Culture, Humanities Conference at Georgetown University Law School, 1998.

"The Will To Be Believed," University of Iowa, 1998, Witwatersrand University, 1998.

"Aristotle’s Moral Virtues Are Political Virtues," Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy, 1997, Marquette University, 1999.

"Mel Brooks’ Commentary on the Poetics," Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy, 1997.

"La découverte de l’éthos chez Aristote," Colloque International: Université Paris VIII, 1997.

"Living Politically and Living Rationally: Choosing Ends and Choosing Lives," Minnesota Ancient Philosophy Conference, 1997.

"Intentional Errors in Aristotle’s Ethics and Poetics," Minnesota Ancient Philosophy Conference, 1996.

"The Contemporary Irrelevance of Aristotle’s Rhetoric," Speech Communication Association, 1995.

"Choosing the Good in Aristotle’s Topics," Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy, 1995.

"Socrates’ Rejection of the Ethical: Self-Persuasion in the Phaedo," Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy, 1995.

"Aristotle’s Nemesis: The Emotions of Practical Reason," George Mason University, 1995.

"Aristotle’s Rhetoric: An Art of Character: A Précis," Minnesota Ancient Philosophy Conference, 1995.

"Pragmatism and the Unity of Practical Reason," Vanderbilt University, 1994.

"Why We Envy You," Convocation Address at Saint John’s University, 1994.

"Growing Older and Wiser With Aristotle: Rhetoric II.12-14," and "The Political Irrelevance of Aristotle’s Rhetoric," Boston Area Colloquium on Ancient Philosophy, 1994.

"Aristotle on How to Tell the Rhetorician From the Sophist, and Whom To Bet On," Speech Communication Association, 1991, Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy, American Philological Association, 1993.

"Aristotle’s Rhetoric and the Professionalization of Virtue," Ohio State University Academic Challenge Distinguished Visiting Lecturer, 1993; also presented a seminar on "Why Reasoning Persuades."

"Love and Anger: The Moral Sentiments in Rhetoric II.2-12," University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 1990, American Philosophical Association invited paper, 1992.

"Why Reasoning Persuades," University of Iowa, 1991.

"After Virtù: The Imitation of Necessity in Machiavelli’s Discourses on Livy," University of Minnesota, 1991, Drake University, 1994.

"Growing Up with Aristotle: Moral Development in Rhetoric II.12-14," Berry College, 1990, International Society for the History of Rhetoric, 1992.

"Critical Thinking and Rhetoric: Bacon’s Essay ‘On Revenge,’" University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 1990.

"He Does the Police in Different Voices: J. B. White on the Criminal Law," Speech Communication Association, 1990.

"Aristotle’s Moral Virtues Are Political Virtues," Berry College, 1990.

"Why Pluralism Now?" Conference on Systematic Pluralism, University of Nebraska, 1990.

"Teaching Plato and Aristotle in the Schools," American Philosophical Association, 1989.

"Teaching Critical Thinking and Reading Classic Texts: Machiavelli and the Cunning of Reason," American Philosophical Association, 1989.

"Practical Deliberation and the Moral Sentiments in Aristotle’s Rhetoric," Brooklyn College, 1989, University of Chicago, 1989.

"Aristotle’s Art of Rhetoric," University of Toledo, 1989, Drake University, 1991.

"Phronesis and Technê in Aristotle’s Rhetoric," Boston Area Colloquium in Ancient Philosophy, 1988; presentation at Boston College also included three seminars: "The Art of Rhetoric," "Rhetoric and Truth," and "Ethos, Pathos, Logos."

"Aristotle’s Rhetoric and the Professionalization of Prudence," International Association for Philosophy and Literature, 1988; University of Wisconsin, 1988.

"Aristotle’s Rhetoric and the Arts of the Practical," Stanford University, 1987.

"Slow Inference," American Philosophical Association, 1987, Sonoma State University Conference on Critical Thinking, 1987.

"Faculty Development and Critical Thinking," Sonoma Conference on Critical Thinking, 1987.

"Deliberation in Aristotle’s Politics," International Society for the History of Rhetoric, 1987.

"Critical Thinking at Saint John’s University," Minnesota Philosophical Society, 1986.

"Three Aporias in Aristotle’s Rhetoric," International Society for the History of Rhetoric, 1986; University of Toledo, 1988.

"Arguing Over Incommensurable Values," Temple University Conference on Rhetoric of the Human Sciences, 1986; International Association for the Study of Argumentation, 1986.

"The Practice of Critical Inquiry," Bard College Conference, "Knowing How and Knowing That," 1986.

"NEH Division of Education Programs," Florida Junior College, University of Georgia, De Paul University meeting of Chicago area colleges and universities, American Education Research Association, 1985.

"NEH Support for Strengthening Philosophy in the Undergraduate Curriculum," American Philosophical Association, 1985.

"Aristotle’s Rhetoric as a Work of Philosophy," Brooklyn College, Pennsylvania State University, 1985.

"Theory and Practice: Variations on a Theme by Prometheus," American Education Research Assocation, 1985.

"The Originality of Machiavelli Reconsidered," Saint John’s University, Bennington College, 1984.

"Richard McKeon’s Place in the History of Rhetoric, or Why Does Richard McKeon Write So Funny?" Speech Communication Association, 1984.

"Reading Machiavelli Prudently," University of Chicago, 1984, University of Southern California, 1985.

"The Case for Moral Virtue in Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics," Berry College, 1990; University of Georgia, 1985; Bucknell University, 1984; Claremont Graduate School, 1983; Skidmore College, 1982.

"Machiavelli’s Rhetorical Politics," International Society for the History of Rhetoric, 1983.

"How to Develop Ideas: The Contribution Philosophy Can Make to Improving Literacy," American Philosophical Association, 1983.

"Teaching Writing and Teaching Virtue," Harvard University School of Education, University of Redlands, 1982.

"Aristotle’s Rhetoric and Speech Act Theory," Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1982.

"Machiavelli’s Prince and the Politics of Rhetorical Invention," International Society for the History of Rhetoric, 1981.

"NEH Summer Seminars: A Participant’s Point of View," University of California, Berkeley, NEH Summer Seminar project directors meeting, 1979.

"Aristotle on Virtue and Pleasure," California State University, Fullerton conference on Greek Ideas of the Good Life, 1979.

"Rhetoric, Essentially Contested Arguments, and the Teaching of Writing," University of Michigan, 1979.

"Ancient Rhetoric and Modern Problems," University of Minnesota, 1978.

"Demystifying Classical Rhetoric," College Communication and Composition Convention, 1978.

"Collingwood on Re-enacting the Errors of the Past," American Philosophical Association, 1978.

Jill Frank, A Democracy of Distinction: Aristotle and the Work of Politics, Law, Culture, Humanities, forthcoming.

Philippe-Joseph Salazar, L’art de parler: Anthologie de manuels d’éloquence, Rhetorica, 22 (2004): 401-403.

Richard McKeon, Selected Writing, Volume I: Philosophy, Science and Culture, Ethics, 110 (2000): 462.

Thomas O. Sloane, Encyclopedia of Rhetoric, Hypotheses, 35 (2000): 15-17.

Maurice A. Finocchiaro, Galileo on the World Systems: A New Abridged Translation and Guide, Argumentation, 13 (1999): 335-337.

Josiah Ober, Political Dissent in Democratic Athens: Intellectual Critics of Popular Rule, Rhetoric Society Quarterly, 29 (1999): 92-97.

C. W. A. Whitaker, Aristotle’s ‘de Interpretatione’: Contradiction and Dialectic, Journal of the History of Philosophy, 36 (1998): 459-460.

Lenn Goodman, God of Abraham, Philosophy East and West, 50 (2000): 131-136. A shorter review appears in Philosophy in Review, 17 (1997): 411-413.

James L. Kastely, Rethinking the Rhetorical Tradition: From Plato to Postmodernism, Rhetoric Society Quarterly, 27 (1997): 91-94.

David J. Furley and Alexander Nehamas, eds., Aristotle’s Rhetoric: Philosophical Essays, Journal of the History of Philosophy, 33 (1995): 681-684.

Richard H. Gaskins, Burdens of Proof in Modern Discourse, Informal Logic 16 (1994): 225-228.

Douglas Walton, Ethics: The Place of Emotion in Argument, Ethics, 104 (1994): 684.

Thomas Cole, The Origins of Rhetoric in Ancient Greece, Philosophy and Rhetoric, 25 (1992): 306-310.

Albert O. Hirschman, The Rhetoric of Reaction: Perversity, Futility, Jeopardy, Rhetoric Society Quarterly, 21 (1991): 46-51.

Joseph Vining, The Authoritative and the Authoritarian, Rhetoric Society Quarterly, 18 (1989).

Trudy Govier, Selected Issues in Logic and Communication, Teaching Philosophy, 12 (1989).

James Boyd White, Heracles’ Bow: Essays on the Rhetoric and Poetics of the Law, Rhetorik, 7 (1988).

C. A. Missimer, Good Arguments: An Introduction to Critical Thinking, Teaching Philosophy, 11 (1988).

Walter Watson, The Architectonics of Meaning, Philosophy and Rhetoric, 21 (1988).

Victoria Kahn, Rhetoric, Prudence and Skepticism in the Renaissance, Clio, 17 (1987); a short notice also appears in New Vico Studies, 5 (1987).

Peter Ramus, Arguments in Rhetoric Against Quintilian: Text and Translation of Peter Ramus’s Rhetoricicae Distinctiones in Quintilianum, Rhetorica 4 (1987).

Wilbur Samuel Howell, Poetics, Rhetoric, and Logic, Journal of the History of Philosophy 17 (1979).

Nathan Rotenstreich, Philosophy of History, Journal of the History of Philosophy 17 (1979).

R. H. Brown, A Poetic for Sociology, Ethics 85 (1979).

Peter Skagestad, Making Sense of History, Journal of the History of Philosophy, 16 (1978).

Peter Singer, Democracy and Disobedience, Ethics 83 (1976).

Gene Sharp, The Politics of Non-Violent Action, Ethics 82 (1974).

Judith N. Shklar, Men and Citizens: A Study of Rousseau’s Social Theory, Ethics 80 (1970).

Referee, Ancient Philosophy, Classical Antiquity, Classical Philology, Clio, Dialogue, Ethics, Journal of the History of Philosophy, Law, Culture and The Humanities, Philosophy and Rhetoric, Political Research Quarterly, Polity, Review of Politics, Rhetorica, Social Epistemology, Synthese, Teaching Philosophy, National Endowment for the Humanities, Boston Area Colloquium on Ancient Philosophy, Bucknell University Press, Pennsylvania State University Press, Philosophy of Education Association, Prentice-Hall, State University of New York Press, University of Chicago Press, University of South Carolina Press, University of Toronto Press.

Member, editorial board, Philosophy and Rhetoric, Rhetoric Society Quarterly, Rhetorica, Law, Culture and The Humanities: An Interdisciplinary Journal.

Visiting Overseas Fellow, Travel and Research Grant from the South African National Research Council, University of Cape Town, 1999.

NEH Fellowship, "Aristotle’s Metaphysics of Character," 1999-2000.

NEH Summer Stipend for College Teachers, "Aristotle’s Metaphysics of Character," 1997.

Director, NEH Summer Seminar for School Teachers, "Machiavelli’s The Prince," 1990, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1999.

Editor, Rhetoric Society Quarterly, 1986-1995.

Coordinator, Association for Informal Logic and Critical Thinking convention sessions with the American Philosophical Association Central Division, 1995-7.

Visiting Senior Fellow, American School of Classical Studies, Athens, 1992.

Director, Faculty Seminar on Critical Thinking, College of St. Thomas, 1990.

Guest Lecturer, Berry College NEH Faculty Development Workshop on Greek and Roman Moral Theory, 1990.

Seminar Leader, Lebanon Valley College NEH two-week faculty seminar on Renaissance Humanism, 1989.

Director, NEH Summer Institute for College Teachers on Aristotle for the Non-Specialist, 1988.

Member, American Philosophical Association Committee on Pre-College Philosophy, 1988-1991.

NEH Summer Fellowship for College Teachers, 1989, "Aristotle’s Rhetoric and the Professionalization of Virtue."

Consultant on critical thinking, College of St. Teresa, various Minnesota school districts.

Organizer and Chair, session on "Rhetoric and Rationality in Politics," International Association for Philosophy and Literature, 1988.

Project Director, Joyce Foundation Grant to Support the Activities of the Chair in Critical Thinking, Saint John’s University, 1986-89.

Director, NEH Summer Seminar for High School Teachers: "Rhetoric, Communication and Freedom: Aristotle’s Rhetoric and Kenneth Burke’s Grammar of Motives, 1984.

First prize, American Philosophical Association and Teaching Philosophy competition for best essay on "Philosophy In An Age Of Declining Literacy," 1983.

NEH Fellowship for College Teachers, "Rhetoric, Contemporary Inquiries into Language, and the Teaching of Writing," 1981-82.

NEH Division of Education Programs grant, "Writing Reinforcement Program," 1978-82 (Co-author and co-director, 1978-79).

Participant, NEH Summer Seminar for College Teachers, "Rhetorical Invention," University of Michigan (Director: Richard Young), 1977.

Commentator, American Philosophical Association, various meetings.

California State University Innovation Grant, "Combining General Education Writing and Critical Thinking," 1975-76.